1. What is Astrobiology?
1.
Soffen, G.A. 1999. Life in the Solar System,
in The New Solar System, ed. by J. K. Beatty,
C.C. Petersen, A. Chaikin, pp.365-376.
2. Formation
of the Earth and Moon
2.
Wood, J.A. 1999. Origin of the Solar System,
in The New Solar System, ed. by J. K. Beatty,
C.C. Petersen, A. Chaikin, pp. 13-22.
3.
Fitzgerald, R. 2002. Isotope ratio measurements
firm up knowledge of Earth's formation. Physics
Today 56(1):16-18.
3. Impact
History of the Earth; Frustration of Life and Delivery of Volatiles
4.
Sleep, N.H., Zahnle,
K.J., Kasting, J.F., and Morowitz, H.J. 1989. Annihilation of ecosystems by large asteroid impacts
on the early Earth. Nature 342:139-142.
5.
Chyba, C.F. 1990. Impact delivery and erosion
of planetary oceans in the early inner solar system. Nature 343:129-133.
6.
Shoemaker, E.M. and Shoemaker,
C.S. 1999. The role
of collisions, in The New Solar System, ed.
by J. K. Beatty, C.C. Petersen, A. Chaikin, pp. 69-86.
4. Early
Earth Environments
7.
Beukes, N.J. and Klein,
C. 1992. Models for iron-formation
deposition, in Proterozoic Biosphere, ed. J.W.
Schopf and C. Klein, pp.147-151.
8.
Pace, N.R. 1991. Origin of life – facing up
to the physical setting. Cell 65:531-533.
5. Raging
Debate #1: Oxygen and the Early Earth?
9.
Lowe, D.R. 1992. Other geological indicators,
in The Proterozoic Biosphere, ed. by J.W. Schopf
and C. Klein, pp. 157-158.
10.
Kasting, J.F., H.D. Holland,
and Kump, L.R. 1992. Atmospheric
Evolution: the Rise of Oxygen, in The Proterozoic
Biosphere, ed. by J.W. Schopf and C. Klein, pp.159-163.
11.
Ohmoto, H. 1996. Evidence in pre-2.2 Ga paleosols
for the early evolution of atmospheric oxygen and terrestrial biota. Geology 24(12):1135-1138.
12.
Holland, H.D. and Rye,
R. 1997. Evidence in pre-2.2 Ga paleosols for
the early evolution of atmospheric oxygen and terrestrial biota, comment
and reply. Geology 25(9):857-859.
6. What
is Life?
13.
Nealson, K.H. 1997. The limits of life on Earth
and searching for life on Mars. J. Geophys.
Res. 102:23,675-23,686.
14.
Fleischaker, G.R. 1990. Origins of Life: An operational
definition. Origins of Life & Evol.
Biosphere 20:127-137.
15.
Chapter 3, Macromolecules,
in Brock's Biology of Microorganisms, 10th edition, ed.
by Madigan, M.T., Martinko, J.M., and Parker, J., pp.40-53 (optional
reading).
7. Molecular
Phylogeny of Life and its Implications for Astrobiology
16.
Woese, C.R. 2000. Interpreting the universal
phylogenetic tree. Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA 97(15):8392-8396.
17.
Stetter, K.O. 1996. Hyperthermophiles in the history
of life, in Evolution of Hydrothermal Ecosystems
on Earth (and Mars?), Ciba Foundation Symposium v. 202, pp. 1-10.
18.
Doolittle, W.F. 2000. Uprooting the tree of life. Sci. Amer. 282:90-95.
8. Raging
Debate #2: The RNA World, is it Dead or Alive?
19.
Joyce, G.F. 1991. The rise and fall of the RNA
world. New Biologist 3:399-407.
20.
Gilbert, W. 1986. The RNA world. Nature 319:618.
9. Life
in Extreme Environments
21.
Stevens, T.O., and McKinley,
J.P. 1995. Lithoautotrophic
microbial ecosystems in deep basalt aquifers. Science
270:450-454.
22.
Madigan, M.T., and Marrs,
B.L. 1997. Extremophiles. Sci. Amer. 276:82-87.
10. Raging
Debate #3: Life at 250˚C; What is the Upper
Temperature Limit for Life?
23.
Baross,J.A. and Deming,J.W. 1983. Growth of 'black smoker' bacteria
at temperatures of at least 250˚C. Nature
303(5916):423-426.
24.
Trent, J.D., Chastain,
R.A. and Yayanos, A.A. 1984. Possible
artefactual basis for apparent bacterial growth at 250˚C. Nature 307:737-740.
25.
Baross, J.A. and Deming,
J.W. 1984. Reply to Trent
et al. Nature 301:740.
11. The
Early History of Life on Earth, Isotopes and Biosignatures
26.
Shen, Y., Buick, R. and
Canfield, D.E. 2001. Isotopic
evidence for microbial sulphate reduction in the early Archaean era. Nature 410:77-81.
27.
Schidlowski, M. 1988. A 3,800-million-year isotopic
record of life from carbon in sedimentary rocks. Nature
333:313-318.
28.
Brocks, J.J., Logan,
G.A., Buick, R., and Summons, R.E. 1999. Archean molecular fossils and the early rise of
eukaryotes. Science 285:1033-1036.
12. The
Early History of Life on Earth, Microfossils and Stromatolites
29.
Walter, M.R., Grotzinger,
J.P., and Schopf, J.W. 1992. Proterozoic
Stromatolites, in The Proterozoic Biosphere, ed. J.W.
Schopf and C. Klein, pp.253-260.
30.
Barghoorn, E.S. and Tyler,
S.A. 1965. Microorganisms
from the Gunflint Chert. Science 147:563-577.
31.
Schopf, J.W. and Packer,
B.M. 1987. Early Archean
(3.3-Billion-Year-Old) Microfossils from Warrawoona Group, Australia. Science 237:70-73.
13. Raging
Debate #4: The Apex Chert "microfossils"?
32.
Schopf, J.W., Kudryavtsev
A.B., Agresti, D.G., Widowiak, T.J., and Czaja, A.D. 2002. Laser-Raman imagery of Earth's
earliest fossils. Science 416:73-76.
33.
Brasier, M.D., Green,
O.R., Jephcoat, A.P., Kleppe, A.K., Van Kranendonk, M.J., Lindsay,
J.F., Steele, A., and Grassineau, N.V. 2002. Questioning the evidence for Earth's oldest fossils. Science 416:76-81.
34.
Pasteris, J.D., and Wopenka,
B. 2002. Images of the
Earth's earliest fossils? Nature 420:476-477.
35.
Schopf, J.W., Kudryavtsev,
A.B., Agresti, D.G., Widowiak, T.J., Czaja, A.D. 2002. reply to Pasteris and Wopenka.
Nature 420:477.
36.
Dalton, R. 2002. Squaring up over ancient
life. Nature 417:782-784.
14. The
Miller-Urey Experiment and Abiotic Synthesis
37.
Miller, S.L. 1953. A Production of Amino Acids
under possible primitive earth conditions.
Science 117:528-529.
38.
Navarro-Gonzalez, R.,
McKay, C.P., and Mvondo, D.N. 2001. A possible nitrogen crisis for Archaean life due
to reduced nitrogen fixation by lightning. Nature
412:61-63.
39.
Briggs, M.H. 1961. Organic constituents of
meteorites. Nature 191(4794):1137-1140.
15. Hydrothermal
Systems and Abiotic Synthesis
40.
Shock, E.L. 1996. Hydrothermal systems as
environments for the emergence of life, in Evolution
of Hydrothermal Ecosystems on Earth (and Mars?), Ciba Foundation Symposium
v. 202, pp. 40-51.
41.
Cody, G.D., Boctor, N.Z.,
Filley, T.R., Hazen, R.M., Scott, J.H., Sharma, A., and Yoder Jr.,
H.S. 2000. Primordial
carbonylated iron-sulfur compounds and the synthesis of pyruvate. Science 289:1337-1340.
42.
Baross, J.A. and Hoffman,
S.E. 1985. Submarine
hydrothermal vents and associated gradient environments as sites
for the origin and evolution of life. Orig.
Life 15:327-345.
16. Origin
of Life Theories
43.
Cairns-Smith, A.G. 1985. The first organisms. Sci. Amer. 252(6):90-100.
44.
Wachtershauser, G. 1990. The case for the chemoautotrophic
origin of life in an iron-sulfur world. Origins
Life & Evol. Biosphere 20:173-176.
45.
Miller, S.L. and Lazcano,
A. 1995. The origin of
life – did it occur at high temperatures? J.
Mol. Evol. 41:689-92.
46.
Orgel, L.E. 1998. The origin of life – a review
of facts and speculations. Trends Biochem.
Sci. 23:491-495.
17. Impacts
and Major Extinction Events
47.
Alvarez, L.W., Alvarez,
W., Asaro, F. and Michel, H.V. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary
extinction. Science 208:1095-1108.
48.
Renne, P.R., Zichao,
Z., Richards, M.A., Black, M.T., and Basu, A.R. 1995. Synchrony and causal relations between Permian-Triassic
boundary crises and Siberian flood volcanism. Science
269:1413-1416.
18. Raging
Debate #5: The Faint Young Sun, and the Snowball/Slushball Earth
49.
Kasting, J.F., and Grinspoon,
D.H. 1991. The faint
young sun problem, in The Sun in Time, ed. by
Sonett, C.P., Giampapa, M.S., and Matthews, M.S., pp.447-462.
50.
Pavlov, A.A., Hurtgen,
M.T., Kasting, J.F., and Arthur, M.A. 2003. Methane-rich Proterozoic atmosphere? Geology 31(1):87-90.
51.
Hoffman, P.F. and Schrag,
D.P. 2000. Snowball
Earth. Sci. Amer. 282:68-75.
52.
Lubick, N. 2002. Snowball Fights. Nature 417:12-13.
19. The
Concept of Habitable Zones
53.
Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira,
K. 1994. The Goldilocks
Problem: Climatic evolution and long-term habitability of Terrestrial
planets. Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.
32:83-114.
20. The
Potential for Life on Mars
54.
Jakosky, B.M. and Shock,
E.L. 1998. The biological
potential of Mars, the early Earth, and Europa. J.
Geophys. Res. 103:19,359-19,364.
55.
Malin, M.C. and Edgett,
K.S. 2000. Evidence for
recent groundwater seepage and surface runoff on Mars. Science 288:2330-2335.
56.
Kramer, M.G., Potter,
C.S., Des Marais, D., and Peterson, D. 2003. New insight on Mars: A network of ancient lakes
and discontinuous river segments. EOS Trans. 84(1):1,6.
21. The
Search for Life on Mars; Viking Results and Modern Life Detection Methods
57.
Margulis, L., Mazur,
P., Barghoorn, E.S., Halvorson, H.O., Jukes, T.H., and Kaplan, I.R. 1979. The Viking Mission: Implications
for life on Mars. J. Mol. Evol. 14:223-232.
58.
Conrad, P.G. and Nealson,
K.H. 2002. A non-earthcentric
approach to life detection. Astrobiology 1(1):14-24.
22. Raging
Debate #6: ALH84001; Signs of Life??
59.
McKay, D.S., Gibson Jr.,
E.K., Thomas-Keprta, K.L., Vali, H., Romanek, C.S., Clemett, S.J.,
Chillier, X.D.F., Maechling, C.R., and Zare, R.N. 1996. Search for past life on Mars: Possible relic biogenic
activity in Martian Meteorite ALH84001. Science 273:924-930.
60.
Trieman, A. 1999. Martian life "Still Kicking"
in meteorite ALH84001. Eos Trans. 80(18):205,208-209.
23. Life
on Europa
61.
Gaidos, E.J., Nealson,
K.H., and Kirshvink, J.L. 1999. Life
in ice-covered oceans. Science 284:1631-1633.
62.
Chyba, C.F. and C.B.
Phillips. 2001. Possible
ecosystems and the search for life on Europa. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98(3):801-804.
63.
Pappalardo, R.T., Head,
J.W. and Greeley, R. 1999.
The hidden ocean of Europa. Sci.
Amer. 281:54-63.
64.
Chyba. 2000. Energy for microbial life on Europa. Nature 403:381-382.
24. Titan
and its Relevance to Astrobiology
65.
Sagan, C., Thompson,
W.R., and Khare, B.N. 1992.
Titan: a laboratory for prebiological organic chemistry. Accounts Chem. Res. 25:286-292.
66.
Griffith, C.A., Owen,
T., Miller, G.A., and Geballe, T. Transient clouds
in Titan's lower atmosphere. Nature 395:575-578.
67.
Waldrop, M.M. 1989. Titan: Continents in a hydrocarbon
sea. Science 245:129-130.
25. Raging
Debate #7: Cross-inoculation of the Planets and Sample Return
68.
Gladman, B.J., Burns,
J.A., Duncan, M., Lee, P., Levison, H.F. 1996. Exchange of impact ejecta between terrestrial worlds. Science 271:1387-1392.
69.
DeVincenzi, D.L., Race,
M.S., Klein, H.P. 1998. Planetary
protection, sample return missions and Mars exploration: History, status,
and future needs. J. Geophys. Res. 103:28,577-28,585.
26. The
Discovery of Extrasolar Planets
70.
Beckwith, S.V.W. and
Sargent, A.I. 1996. Circumstellar
disks and the search for neighbouring planetary systems. Nature 383:139-144.
71. Burrows, A. and Angel, R. 1999. Extrasolar planets: Direct detection at last. Nature 402:732-733.
EPSc 480 home | EPSC480 links | EPSc480 reading list | Prof. Blank
E&PS Home | E&PS Courses